When you picture that perfectly red African sun rising up over the horizon and over the giraffes roaming the savannah, the lions surveying their kingdom, and the elephants playing in the water, your mind’s eye could very well be creating a scene from Tanzania.

If you want turquoise blue water, if you want to climb the highest mountains in Africa, and if you want to see the most ferocious and colorful beasts of the continent, Tanzania is the place. This country really does have it all for adventurers who want a real taste of Africa. So don your safari hat and grab your binoculars!
Tanzania is a true wilderness – over a quarter of this magnificent country is dedicated to incredibly wild and beautiful national parks and reserves. It is East Africa at its best. Tanzania is also a land of superlatives: the deepest, the highest, the largest, and the oldest.
Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the northeast, where Mount Kilimanjaro is located. Three of Africa’s Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania. To the north and west lie Lake Victoria, Africa’s largest lake, and Lake Tanganyika, the continent’s deepest lake, known for its unique species of fish. The eastern shore is hot and humid, with the Zanzibar Archipelago just offshore. The Kalambo water falls in the southwestern region of Rukwa are the second highest uninterrupted fall in Africa and are located near the southeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika on the border with Zambia. The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar’s largest marine protected area.
Approximately 38% of Tanzania’s land area is set aside in protected areas for conservation. Tanzania has 16 national parks, plus a variety of game and forest reserves, including the Ngorongoro Conservation Area. In western Tanzania, Gombe Stream National Park is the site of Jane Goodall’s ongoing study of chimpanzee behaviour, which started in 1960.
Tanzania is highly bio-diverse and contains a wide variety of animal habitats. Tanzania is home to 35 species of antelope and over 1.5 million wildebeest – over 80% of the total population in Africa…. Tanzania is also home to about 130 amphibian and over 275 reptile species, many of them strictly endemic and included in the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red Lists of different countries. Tanzania has developed a Biodiversity Action Plan to address species conservation.
Famous parks such as the Serengeti and the Ngorongoro Conservation Area offer some of the best safari opportunities in Africa. The Serengeti plains alone support over 3 million animals whilst the Ngorongoro Crater hosts the greatest concentration of large mammals in Africa on the floor of an extinct volcano; a natural refuge for big game. Whilst these two parks are the best known there are many others that offer more diverse opportunities for the more adventurous. Parks such as the Ruaha and Selous Reserves are huge and relatively untouched. The incredible wilderness of the Miombo woodlands in Southern Tanzania offers dramatically changing scenery and wildlife. And the exotic lure of the islands: Pemba, Zanzibar – incredible ‘getaway’ destinations.
There are over 120 different ethnic groups among Tanzania’s population. But no one group is dominant, many being fairly small. Among the different ethnic groups, the vast majority are Bantu-speakers; the largest is the Sukuma, with others including the Nyamwezi, the Makonde and the Chaga of the Kilimanjaro region. Unlike in other African countries, most people identify themselves as Tanzanian first and foremost. This reflects the ideals which were introduced by the leader of the nation for over twenty years, Julius Nyerere.
In northern Tanzania, groups speak Khoisan or ‘click-sound’ languages, such as the Sandawe. Some groups speak Nilotic languages such as the Maasai. These nomads live as they have for centuries, herding cattle across large areas and living off the animals’ milk, blood and meat. The Maasai are particularly known for their distinctive dress and the warrior-status of their men.
With large communities of both Muslims and Christians, it’s not uncommon for towns to have a mosque and a church. And festivals/holidays of both religions are given equal recognition.
On The Move – Serengeti Migration
Few people forget their first encounter with Serengeti National Park. Perhaps it’s the view from Naabi Hill at the park’s entrance, from where the Serengeti’s grasslands appear to stretch to the ends of the earth. Or maybe it’s a coalition of lions stalking across open plains, their manes catching the breeze. Or it could be the migration of wildebeest and zebra in their millions, following the ancient rhythm of Africa’s seasons. Whatever it is, welcome to one of the greatest wildlife-watching destinations on earth.
The 14,763 sq km Serengeti is also renowned for its predators, especially its lions. Cheetahs, leopards, hyenas and jackals are on the hunt here, too, feasting on zebras, giraffes, buffaloes, gazelles, topis, elands, hartebeests, impalas and more. It’s also an incredible bird-watching destination, with over 500 species to spot. A few black rhinos around Moru Kopjes offer a chance for the Big Five, although they’re rarely seen.
The Serengeti Migration is the world’s most spectacular wildlife event as herds of Wildebeeste, Zebras and Antelopes roam the vast savannah eco-system that stretches from Ngorongoro Crater to The Maasai Mara. Each year almost two million wildebeest take part in a great migration from the Serengeti to the Maasai Mara. It’s an amazing sight to behold. As Summer arrives in the Serengeti, the two million strong migration makes its way from the increasingly hostile plains of Tanzania to the green and abundant Maasai Mara National Reserve in Kenya. The more numerous (1.7 million) white-bearded wildebeest make the 1,900km odyssey with the support of 400,000 Thompson’s and Grant’s gazelles, 300,000 zebras, 12,000 eland and impalas.
The annual wildebeest migration starts with the birthing of the calves in southern Serengeti. It is a dramatic spectacle, as the herds press together and young calves are born hourly, encircled by their Big Cat and smaller predators. And so the cycle begins each February/March as the swollen numbers are forced to traverse the plains in search of fresh grazing, crossing the border into the neighbouring Maasai Mara as the dry season takes hold of the Serengeti in July – September.
It’s a true wonder to observe this Great Migration and one of the most dramatic moments occurs when the wildebeest must cross the Mara River in the Maasai Mara, which is full of crocodiles. Many do not survive this part of their passage. The herds remain in the Mara until mid-October, when they return to the short-grass plains of the Serengeti for the winter months.
Origins Safaris offers incredibly flexible and targeted migration programmes. In the Serengeti we recommend a lightweight mobile camp – a self-sufficient base that can be moved regularly – to follow the migratory pattern of the herds. We can guarantee your safari is at the heart of the migration, with the option of a classic mobile tented camp that moves with the herds and the seasons.
Ngorongoro Crater
To the great writer and naturalist Peter Matthiessen, the Crater Highlands were ‘the most beautiful of all the regions….seen in Africa’. To the Maasai, this is God’s country; the Almighty himself lives here, a useful, if occasionally troublesome, neighbour. Extinct volcanos dominate the highlands, marching northwards towards sulphurous Lake Natron: Oldeani, Lemagrut, Ngorongoro, Olmoti, Loolmalasin and Embagai. The Maasai god Ngai lives on the last and most beautiful of these: Ol Doinyo Lengai. Its silhouette is like a child’s drawing of a mountain – solitary, pointed, symmetrical – the blue of its flanks running over the lines to merge with the sky. Alone of these volcanoes, Ol Doinyo Lengai is still active. When God is displeased with his people, he blows his top; the eruptions can blight the pasture for miles around. When he is pleased, he sends the Maasai rain and children.
The Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania is the largest unfilled inactive volcanic crater, or caldera, in the world. However, it’s not entirely empty as a wildlife spectacle unfolds in this dramatic setting. At the base of 610m cliff faces elephants trumpet, lions roar, and antelope…eat grass. The crater is arguably the best place in Tanzania to see the big five. It is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most mesmerizing natural features in the world. Surrounded by steep escarpment walls, Ngorongoro’s caldera, 12km across and more than 600 metres deep, contains one of Africa’s richest concentrations of game – an enclosed Eden of grass and animals. Humanity has been banished from this place for several generations, and the density of wildlife here can hardly be exaggerated.
Humanity has deep ties to the crater; the Ngorongoro Conservation area is home to footprints that date back the oldest humanoids walking upright, nearly 3.7 million years ago. The age combined with other finds, suggest that Northern Tanzania and the Ngorongoro Conservation area is the birth place of human kind. One’s first descent into the crater is filled with a sense of our primordial origin. In the early morning a fine mist rolls over plains filled with wildlife. To watch the sun rise from within the Crater it is one of life greatest experiences.
The name Ngorongoro comes from the Maasai tribe. The translation is roughly “gift of life.” There is the Oldupai Gorge situated in the plains area of the conservation, which is widely regarded as the most important prehistoric site in the world, with even the famous Mary and Louis Leakey having done research in the valley. The footprints and skeletal fragments have been instrumental in understanding early human evolution and development.
The Ngorongoro Conservation Area, NCA, was formed in 1976. With its deep ties to humanity, cultural heritage is well prized in regards to the conservation. It is an area of land that has deep significance for both human and animal life and it is the only park in Tanzania where both human settlements, Maasai tribesmen, and animals live together. When driving around the crater rim guests will see pastoralist villages with the Zebra and buffalo walking through herds of cattle.
Nestled between Lake Manyara and the Serengeti, the crater is a water supply that attracts animals to stay in the area instead of migrating. Zebras and wildebeests are the predominant species in the crater floor area, but visitors might also see hippos, Thomson’s gazelles, elephants, rhinos, buffaloes and lions. Bird watching and large game viewing is a popular pastime here and the Ngorongoro crater is home to roughly 30,000 animals, making it one of the most densely populated animal populations in the world. It is famed for its healthy black rhino population. Many large animals call the crater home and you’ll likely spot many within a few hours drive. Large mammals include Grant’s zebra, Thomson’s gazelle, eland, hyena, elephants, cape buffalo, and lions. The majority of the craters landscape is a large grassy plain, so spotting wildlife is very easy.
Mt. Kilimanjaro
Tanzania is dominated by Kilimanjaro; one of the world’s most massive extinct volcano’s and Africa’s highest mountain, soaring some 15,000 feet above the surrounding arid plains and 2.5 square miles of its surface ascending to over 18,500 feet. Beneath its ice dome, snow extends down long gullies that have been eroded into the mountain sides. Kilimanjaro’s summit crater, known as Kibo, measures an incredible 1.5 miles across. The highest point on Kibo’s steep rim is Uhuru, the highest peak in Africa. Nestled in the center of Kibo is a smaller crater, 600-feet deep in sulfurous ashes.
As the tallest free-standing mountain in the world, Mount Kilimanjaro is a mecca for mountaineers and amateur trekkers alike; whether you wish to hike to the summit of this “Roof of Africa”, or simply view the spectacular wildlife in the shadow of its snow-capped peaks.
You can climb the mountain at any time of the year, but the recommended period is during the dry season that runs from late June to the month of October. Kilimanjaro is a World Heritage site. It was formed more than one million years ago, and its Uhuru Peak is one of the world’s Seven Summits.
The lower level of the mountain is farmland, and as you climb, you’ll go through rainforests, alpine meadows and then lunar landscapes. Eland, monkeys, leopards and buffaloes roam the rainforest slopes, and the alpine area is a great spot for viewing birds of prey.
Lake Tanganyika
The world’s longest and second deepest lake is a natural wonder in the Albertine Rift Valley (which spans across four countries). A great inland sea; it is perfect for scenic boat cruises, kayaking, sport fishing and scuba diving with its endemic cichlids. Most exciting of all however, are the opportunities on the forested shores to come face to face with our closest relatives – Chimpanzees. Travel by dhow boat on the crystal clear lake waters to visit with the chimpanzees in one of Tanzania’s most untouched destinations. Highlights of this safari include chimpanzee trekking, bird watching, fishing excursions, kayaking, barbeques and sundowners on the beach around a campfire.
In addition to being one of the best places in the world for up-close encounters with chimpanzees, Mahale Mountains National Park (nestled on the shoreline in western Tanzania) is absolutely stunning. Forested mountains cascade down to the lake shore, the mist-covered peak of Mount Nkungwe rises up in the background and crystal-clear waters teeming with fish lap against white sand coves.
The park, Tanzania’s most remote and one of its most alluring, is first and foremost a chimpanzee sanctuary. About 1700 chimpanzees live within its 1613sqkm area, but the focal point for visitors is the 60-strong Mimikere, or ‘M’ group, which has been the subject of research for more than four decades. While the M group chimps are well habituated, spotting human’s closest relatives is almost always a challenge. Don long trousers, sturdy boots, a hat and a surgical mask (these are distributed to all visitors by park guides at the beginning of a tracking expedition) and prepare yourself for some sweaty, steep climbing through often-dense vegetation.
You may not spot any chimps on your first try, but it is rare to spend two or three days in the park without seeing one. The experience itself is captivating: almost without warning, a chimp brushes past you on the trail, several individuals become visible in a clearing just ahead or high above in the tree tops. Time stops, and the one-hour viewing period permitted by park authorities is over in a flash as the chimps play and hoot in delight.
During the wet season, from November until May, the chimpanzees spend much of their time in the trees and can be difficult to find. In the height of the rains from March through May, the trails become unpleasantly muddy. In the dry season months of June to October the undergrowth is less dense and the chimps frequently come down near the main lodge area to feed.
In between chimp tracking expeditions, Lake Tanganyika beckons for snorkelling, kayaking and hippo- and crocodile-spotting forays. The forest around the main lodge area is full of birds, with guinea fowl, hornbills, kingfishers and many more all readily seen on short walks. In the evening, the setting is magical as the sun sets over the Congo Mountains in the distance, and tiny lights from fishing boats flicker across the lake.
For anyone with additional time and energy, the brooding peak of 2462m-high Mount Nkungwe is eminently climbable and makes a fine adventure. Depending on the time of year, you may need to hack your way through high grass and brush for part of the climb, but the remoteness and the stillness are wonderful. Elephants, giraffes and even lions wander around the eastern slopes of the mountain, and it is essential to be accompanied by an armed guide, although encounters with these animals are rare. More common are roan and sable antelopes, porcupines and the ubiquitous warthog. Allow two days to climb up and one day to return for Nkungwe climbs, camping en route, although a more strenuous two-day option is also possible.
Southern Wilderness
Katavi National Park is universally recognized as one of the few truly remote and untouched areas of Tanzania’s immense conservation areas. The nearby Selous Game Reserve is Africa’s largest protected wildlife reserve. In addition, with Ruaha – Tanzania’s second largest park, and others, they form a massive, wild wilderness in Southern Tanzania that covers almost 10% of the countries’ total land mass.
Katavi is about as far away as you can possibly get from the tourist circuit; an outpost in far off western Tanzania and somewhere that even today, few people have been lucky enough to visit. Perhaps because of this, it feels untouched, almost like travelling back in time.
The park centers on a series of wide flood plains, blond with waist high grass in the early dry season, green and flooded like a mini Okavango after the rains. Connecting the main flood plains – Ngolema, Katisunga, Katavi and Chada – is a network of fragile seasonal rivers. It is these rivers that form the focus of the game viewing for which Katavi is renowned during the dry season.
Water rapidly becomes a limited resource in Katavi during the dry so animals of all kinds are drawn to the Katuma, Kavu and Kapapa Rivers. Hippo in their thousands cram the remaining pools, crocodiles retire to caves in the mud walls of the river banks, buffalo and elephant are drawn to the rivers to drink. The lion, hyenas and other predators know this. In the late dry season, there are few places that offer such a raw and wild experience as Katavi.
Selous Game Reserve is a vast, 48,000-sq-km wilderness area lying at the heart of southern Tanzania. It is Africa’s largest wildlife reserve, and home to large herds of elephants, plus buffaloes, crocodiles, hippos, wild dogs, many bird species and some of Tanzania’s last remaining black rhinos. Bisecting it is the Rufiji River, which cuts a path past woodlands, grasslands and stands of borassus palm, and provides unparalleled water-based wildlife-watching. The wealth of Selous’ wildlife and its stunning riverine scenery rarely fail to impress.
The Spice Islands
Zanzibar is probably a name you’ve heard before, synonymous with white sandy beaches and bright blue water. You could spend weeks on Zanzibar alone, enjoying spice tours, the culture of Stone Town and the numerous beautiful beaches elsewhere on the island.
Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia form a beautiful archipelago just off the Tanzanian mainland, renowned for their spice plantations and cloves. The palm beaches have beautiful protecting coral reefs and are carpeted with white coral sand. It is famous for its clear-water, white-sand beaches with varying surf levels. The warm clear water is perfect for swimming, snorkelling and other water sports.
Zanzibar is the birthplace of Swahili, Sultans’ Palaces, and the rich Persian history. In its heart, you’ll find Stone Town, a multicultural World Heritage site with old Arabian townhouses and a maze of narrow alleys lined with homes, mosques and bazaars. Its winding lanes present minarets, carved doorways and 19th-century landmarks, such as the House of Wonders; a former sultan’s palace.
The northern villages Nungwi and Kendwa have wide beaches lined with hotels. The diving there is great, as is the snorkeling, the little islands you can visit, the seafood, and wealth of activities.
Tarangire
Welcome to one of Africa’s most underrated parks. Thanks to its proximity to Serengeti National Park and Ngorongoro Crater, Tarangire National Park is usually assigned only a day visit as part of a larger northern circuit itinerary. Yet it deserves much more, at least in the dry season (August through October). It’s a place where elephants dot the plains like cattle, and where lion-roars and zebra-barks fill the night.
But this is one place where the wildlife tells only half the story. Dominating the park’s 2850 sq km, Tarangire’s great stands of epic baobabs should be reason enough to come here. There are also sun-blistered termite mounds in abundance, as well as grassy savannah plains and vast swamps. And cleaving the park in two is the Tarangire River, its meandering course and (in some places) steep riverbanks providing a dry-season lure for so many stirring wildlife encounters. If you’re into birds and elephants, the Tarangire National Park is another great spot for wildlife viewing.
Lake Manyara National Park
Lake Manyara National Park is one of Tanzania’s smaller parks and, although many safari itineraries skip it, we highly recommend you make the detour. The dramatic western escarpment of the Rift Valley forms the park’s western border. To the east is the alkaline Lake Manyara, which covers one-third of the park, but shrinks considerably in the dry season. During the rains, the lake hosts millions of flamingos and other birdlife.
While Manyara lacks the raw drama of other northern circuit destinations, its vegetation is diverse, ranging from savannah to marshes to evergreen forest (11 different ecosystems in all) and it supports one of the highest biomass densities of large mammals in the world. Elephants, hippos, zebras, giraffes, buffaloes and wildebeest are often spotted. Leopards and hyenas are also here. Lake Manyara is also home to a famous population of tree-climbing lions.
Profiled Trip 2017-18 : Wonders of Tanzania Migration Safari
Tarangire, Manyara, Ngorongoro, Serengeti and Loliondo, which make up the famed “Northern Circuit”, tempt you with a million-strong Wildebeest migration, a huge volcanic caldera, a flamingo rimmed lake, rhino, buffalo, black-maned tree-climbing Lions and elephant bathing in rivers. Experience the Ngorongroro Crater with its unique ecosystem isolated from the rolling savannahs that surround it.
You will also visit Arusha on your you will also visit Arusha on your luxury Migration Safari, which is the gateway to the safari circuit; a small bustling town that exudes a great sense of anticipation and excitement, which sprawls beneath the massive bulk of Mount Meru filled with craft shops selling local artisans’ work.
Our exclusive Migration Safari will let you experience the integral and complete wonders of Tanzania.
In Summary
For many, Tanzania may be the most well-known country in Africa. It is the country that has become synonymous with the Serengeti, Mount Kilimanjaro, and Zanzibar. People from all over the world flock to Tanzania; they want to have a safari in some of the best national parks in the world. The country is staggeringly beautiful, populated by a warm Swahili culture, and home to some of the best wildlife on this planet.
Tanzania travel has so much to offer tourists that it is overwhelming. Tanzania has beautiful turquoise beaches in Zanzibar, lush mountain vistas in the Usumbara mountains, the tallest peak in Africa, wild jungles in the Mahale Mountains, and endless plains in the Serengeti. With a country that’s rich in wildlife and culture, it’s hard to get bored.
If you make the effort to travel to Tanzania we would recommend experiencing several different climates. The most popular route for many is to finish a safari or Kilimanjaro climb with some much-needed relaxation on one of the best hotels on Zanzibar.
At Origins Safaris we are passionate about wildlife, cultural heritage, adventure and exploration. We customize each and every safari to your personal requirements and expectations, ensuring an exclusive, unique and authentic experience every time. For more information on safaris to Tanzania, please contact us on https://originsafaris.com/tanzania-overview/
Origins Safaris – Authentic African Experiences Since 1963


















STEVE TURNER
SELEMPO EDWIN LESOINE
STANLEY KARITHI
ZACHARY METHU MBUTHIA
PETER LIECH ADEDE
FELIX WAMBUGU
JOSHUA SONKOYO
HENRY MIWANI











